{"id":18696,"date":"2015-12-29T12:05:23","date_gmt":"2015-12-29T10:05:23","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.ozdeyis.net\/?p=15773"},"modified":"2026-08-26T16:44:23","modified_gmt":"2026-08-26T16:44:23","slug":"aydinlanma-kisinin-kendi-aklini-kullanmaya-curet-etmesidir-immanuel-kant","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/e-motivasyon.net\/en\/aydinlanma-kisinin-kendi-aklini-kullanmaya-curet-etmesidir-immanuel-kant.html","title":{"rendered":"\u201cEnlightenment; daring to use one's own mind." Immanuel Kant"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u201cEnlightenment; daring to use one's own mind." Immanuel Kant<\/strong><\/em><\/h3>\n

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Immanuel Kant\u2019\u0131n bu s\u00f6z\u00fc, ayd\u0131nlanman\u0131n yaln\u0131zca bilgi edinmek de\u011fil, kendi akl\u0131m\u0131zla d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye cesaret etmek oldu\u011funu<\/strong> anlat\u0131r. \u0130nsan, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerini sorgulamadan kabul etti\u011finde kendi zihinsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcnden de vazge\u00e7mi\u015f olur. Ailemizden, \u00e7evremizden, toplumdan veya otorite olarak g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcm\u00fcz ki\u015filerden \u00f6\u011frendi\u011fimiz pek \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnce hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 \u015fekillendirir. Bunlar\u0131n baz\u0131lar\u0131 bize ger\u00e7ekten yol g\u00f6sterir; ancak her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi s\u0131rf bir ba\u015fkas\u0131 s\u00f6yledi\u011fi i\u00e7in do\u011fru kabul etmek, kendi akl\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 kullanma sorumlulu\u011funu ba\u015fkas\u0131na devretmek<\/strong> anlam\u0131na gelir. Kant\u2019\u0131n ayd\u0131nlanma anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki as\u0131l cesaret de burada ortaya \u00e7\u0131kar: Bilmedi\u011fimizi kabul etmek, soru sormak, kan\u0131t aramak ve gerekti\u011finde y\u0131llard\u0131r inand\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi de\u011fi\u015ftirebilmek. Kendi akl\u0131n\u0131 kullanmak, her konuda hakl\u0131 oldu\u011funu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek de\u011fil; yan\u0131labilece\u011fini g\u00f6ze alarak d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmeye devam etmektir.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Bu s\u00f6zden g\u00fcnl\u00fck ya\u015fam\u0131m\u0131z i\u00e7in \u00e7\u0131karabilece\u011fimiz pratik \u00f6neri \u015fudur: Bug\u00fcn, do\u011fru oldu\u011fundan emin oldu\u011funuz bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi se\u00e7in ve kendinize \u201cBunu ger\u00e7ekten ben mi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcyorum, yoksa bana b\u00f6yle d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmem \u00f6\u011fretildi\u011fi i\u00e7in mi do\u011fru kabul ediyorum?\u201d diye sorun.<\/strong> Ard\u0131ndan bu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi destekleyen ve ona kar\u015f\u0131 \u00e7\u0131kan en az birer gerek\u00e7e yaz\u0131n. Bunu \u00f6zellikle para, kariyer, ili\u015fkiler, ba\u015far\u0131, mutluluk veya ya\u015fam tarz\u0131 gibi hayat\u0131m\u0131z\u0131 do\u011frudan etkileyen konularda yapmak olduk\u00e7a de\u011ferlidir. Ama\u00e7 her d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceyi reddetmek de\u011fil, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcncelerimizin sahibinin ger\u00e7ekten biz olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 fark etmektir.<\/strong> Bazen yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bu k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck zihinsel sorgulama, y\u0131llard\u0131r fark etmeden ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir inanc\u0131 de\u011fi\u015ftirebilir ve bize hi\u00e7 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmedi\u011fimiz yeni bir se\u00e7enek g\u00f6sterebilir.<\/p>\n

\u00d6rne\u011fin \u00e7evrenizden s\u00fcrekli \u201cG\u00fcvenli bir i\u015fin varsa onu asla b\u0131rakma.\u201d s\u00f6z\u00fcn\u00fc duydu\u011funuzu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn. Bu ger\u00e7ekten sizin hayat\u0131n\u0131z i\u00e7in do\u011fru olabilir; fakat yaln\u0131zca herkes b\u00f6yle s\u00f6yledi\u011fi i\u00e7in do\u011fru oldu\u011funa inan\u0131yorsan\u0131z, kendi ihtiya\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 ve de\u011ferlerinizi hi\u00e7 de\u011ferlendirmemi\u015f olabilirsiniz. Ayn\u0131 durum \u201cBa\u015far\u0131l\u0131 olmak i\u00e7in \u00e7ok para kazanmal\u0131s\u0131n.\u201d, \u201c\u0130nsanlar ne der?\u201d veya \u201cArt\u0131k bu ya\u015ftan sonra de\u011fi\u015filmez.\u201d gibi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnceler i\u00e7in de ge\u00e7erlidir. Ayd\u0131nlanma, ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n sesini susturmak de\u011fil; kendi zihninizin sesini de duyabilecek kadar d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe sahip olmakt\u0131r.<\/strong> Kendi akl\u0131n\u0131z\u0131 kullanmaya ba\u015flad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131zda hayat\u0131n\u0131z\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn cevaplar\u0131n\u0131 bir anda bulmazs\u0131n\u0131z; fakat hangi sorular\u0131n ger\u00e7ekten size ait oldu\u011funu ke\u015ffetmeye ba\u015flars\u0131n\u0131z.<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

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Immanuel Kant Kimdir?<\/h3>\n

Immanuel Kant (1724-1804) Alman filozof ve modern felsefenin en \u00f6nemli d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcrlerinden biridir. 22 Nisan 1724’te K\u00f6nigsberg’de, g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fczde Kaliningrad olarak bilinen b\u00f6lgede do\u011fan Kant, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n neredeyse tamam\u0131n\u0131 burada ge\u00e7irdi. Bilgi, ak\u0131l, ahlak, \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fck, metafizik ve insan\u0131n d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnme kapasitesi \u00fczerine geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi fikirlerle Bat\u0131 felsefesinin y\u00f6n\u00fcn\u00fc de\u011fi\u015ftirdi. 1781’de yay\u0131mlanan Saf Akl\u0131n Ele\u015ftirisi<\/em>, felsefe tarihinin en \u00f6nemli eserlerinden biri kabul edilir. Kant, insan\u0131n kendi akl\u0131n\u0131 kullanma cesaretini \u00f6zellikle 1784 tarihli Ayd\u0131nlanma Nedir?<\/em> adl\u0131 k\u0131sa yaz\u0131s\u0131nda savundu ve ayd\u0131nlanmay\u0131 insan\u0131n kendi kendisine y\u00fckledi\u011fi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnsel vesayetten kurtulmas\u0131yla ili\u015fkilendirdi. Ahlak felsefesinde ise insan\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc ve kendi kendine ahlaki yasalar koyabilme kapasitesini merkeze ald\u0131.<\/p>\n

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Cesaret \u00d6zl\u00fc S\u00f6zleri<\/a><\/p><\/blockquote>\n